Cybernetics 복습

What is Cybernetics?

• the science of steering—heading toward a goal
• conversation = framework for designing systems and services

context
language
exchange
agreement

transaction

• conversation = basis for long-term relationships
• conversation = best means to persuade, to change beliefs

trust is powerful—it lowers risk and saves time

Productive conversation requires commitment to find common language and 
shared goals. The most useful outcomes—for agency and client—are realized

under these conditions.

Source : http://www.dubberly.com/
http://www.picnicnetwork.org/
http://www.picnicnetwork.org/redefining-growth-making-choices

Conversation is a progression of exchanges among participants. Each participant is a “learning system,” that is, a system that changes internally as a consequence of experience. This highly complex type of interaction is also quite powerful, for conversation is the means by which existing knowledge is conveyed and new knowledge is generated.

Only in conversation can we learn new concepts, share and evolve knowledge, and confirm agreement.

Conversation to Learn:
Conversation is a means to convey concepts and to confirm agreement. When a conversation changes one of the participants, we say the participant has “learned.” 

Conversation is a requisite for agreeing on goals, as well as for agreeing upon, and coordinating, our actions.

We generate new ideas by combining old topics in new ways. This is important to interaction design because we spend so much time in front of screens talking to ourselves. Interaction design is as much about connecting humans across the murky “Internet cloud” (fostering community and conversation) as connecting an individual with his or her own capacity to explore what is possible and generate new possibilities (supporting internal conversations).

Requirements for conversation

Establish environment and mindset—context
Use shared language
Engage in mutually beneficial, peer-to-peer exchange
Confirm shared mental models
Engage in a transaction—execute cooperative actions

• Long-term success means ongoing commerce.
• Ongoing commerce needs ongoing trust.
• Ongoing trust is built via ongoing relationships.
• Ongoing relationships are built via agreeing on goals and actions.
• Agreeing on goals and actions is possible only through effective conversation. So, effective conversation is essential to commerce.

Creating Concept Maps

A concept map is a picture of our understanding of something. It is a diagram illustrating how sets of concepts are related. Concept maps are made up of webs of terms (nodes) related by verbs (links) to other terms (nodes). The purpose of a concept map is to represent (on a single visual plane) a person’s mental model of a concept.

Concept maps provide a useful contrast with essays. With a concept map, a viewer can see both the forest and individual trees. The big picture is clear because all the ideas are presented on one surface. At the same time, it’s easy to see details and how they relate.

Examples and a good description such as those described by Gowan and Novak (in Learning How to Learn) are helpful for understanding concept mapping. An exercise in which you make a simple concept map (with eight to 12 terms) may also be helpful.


http://www.pangaro.com/published/cyber-macmillan.html